RESUMEN
Citisina es un tratamiento farmacológico del tabaquismo que ha sido introducido recientemente en nuestro país. Los estudios realizados con el mismo durante los últimos años muestran que es un tratamiento eficaz y seguro utilizado a dosis decrecientes durante un periodo de 25 días. Sus específicas características de dosis y tiempo de duración hacen recomendable que se diseñe un protocolo asistencial clínico-psicológico para ser desarrollado durante la utilización de citisina. Un grupo multidisciplinario de profesionales sanitarios expertos en tabaquismo han consensuado un protocolo que recomiendan para llevar a cabo en aquellos pacientes a los que se prescriba citisina como fármaco para dejar de fumar. (AU)
Cytisine is a smoking cessation medication that has appeared recently in Spain. It is effective and safe for helping smokers to quit using for 25 days. Its specific characteristicis in doses and duration recommends to desing a protocol clinical-psychological. A multidisciplinary group of health professionals experts on smoking cessation has designed a protocol to develop with patients who are receiving cytisineas medication for smoking cessation. (AU)
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Tabaquismo/tratamiento farmacológico , Tabaquismo/prevención & control , Tabaquismo/terapia , Cese del Uso de Tabaco , España , Protocolos ClínicosRESUMEN
Citisina es un alcaloide que se origina en las semillasde algunas plantas pertenecientes al género Legumi-nosae (Fabaceae). Recientemente ha sido aprobado enEspaña como nuevo fármaco de prescripción para eltratamiento del tabaquismo. A lo largo de esta revisiónse analiza su mecanismo de acción y los resultadosde los principales ensayos clínicos y metaanálisis quevaloran su eficacia y seguridad de uso.(AU)
Cytisine is an alkaloid that originates in the seeds ofsome plants belonging to the Leguminosae (Fabaceae)genera. It has been approved recently in Spain as a newprescription drug for the treatment of the smokinghabit. In this review, its action mechanism and theresults of the principal clinical trials as well as themeta-analyses that evaluate its efficacy and safety ofuse are analyzed.(AU)
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Tabaquismo/tratamiento farmacológico , Fumar , Drogas en Investigación , Receptores Nicotínicos , Cese del Hábito de Fumar , Efectos Adversos a Largo Plazo , EspañaRESUMEN
Objetivo: Analizar el impacto en la calidad de vida de los pacientes con EPOC, medido mediante el CAT, que dejan de fumar. Pacientes y métodos: Se incluye una serie de pacientes con EPOC que recibieron tratamiento para dejar de fumar. Todos los pacientes estaban tratados con diferentes broncodilatadores de acuerdo con el nivel de gravedad de su enfermedad. Dicho tratamiento no fue alterado en el proceso de abandono del consumo del tabaco. Los pacientes recibieron un programa de tratamiento del tabaquismo que consistió en una combinación de tratamiento farmacológico y terapia conductual. Todos los sujetos cumplimentaron el cuestionario CAT antes de iniciar el tratamiento, es decir, en fase de consumo activo y a los seis 6 de abandonar el tabaco. Todos los sujetos que se incluyen en el análisis estaban abstinentes a los 6 meses de seguimiento. Resultados: Se incluyen en la serie 59 pacientes, de los que 27 eran varones (45,8%). Edad media de 61,8 (7,5) años. El valor medio del CAT basal fue de 18,9 (7,3) puntos y del CAT a los 6 meses, de 8,1 (6,1) puntos (p=0,038. El análisis de regresión lineal múltiple mostró que: a) a igualdad de edad, sexo y nivel de gravedad de la EPOC, a mayor CAT basal, mayor es la diferencia alcanzada al dejar de fumar, a los 6 meses, y b) a mayor edad, menor es la diferencia entre el CAT basal y el CAT a los 6 meses. Conclusiones: Dejar de fumar se asocia a una mejoría en la calidad de vida de los pacientes con EPOC. Aquellos con peor calidad de vida obtienen un mayor beneficio al dejar de fumar, aunque esta diferencia puede verse atenuada por el incremento de la edad
Objective: To analyse the impact in COPD patients' quality of life who stop smoking. Patients and methods: We studied a group of COPD patients who received smoking cessation treatment. All patients were treated with bronchodilators according to the severity of their disorder. This treatment was not changed during the process of smoking cessation. Patients received a smoking cessation programme that consisted of a combination of pharmacological treatment plus cognitive-behavioural treatment. All subjects fill in CAT questionnaire before starting smoking cessation programme and after 6 months of abstinence. All subjects included had stop smoking. Results: The study included 59 patients, with 27 (45.8%) males, and a mean age of 61.8 (7.5) years. Mean CAT score before quitting was 18.9 (7.3) points, and after 6 months of abstinence was 8.1 (6.1) points, P=.038. Multiple regression analysis showed: a) the higher the baseline CAT score the greater is the difference after quitting, at 6 months, at same age, gender, and grade of severity of COPD, and b) the older the age, the lower is the difference between baseline CAT score and the 6 months CAT score. Conclusions: Smoking cessation is associated with improvement in the quality of life in COPD patients. Those with worse quality of life get the biggest benefit from quitting, although this difference can be diminished in ageing patients
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Adulto , Anciano , Terapia Cognitivo-Conductual/métodos , Enfermedad Pulmonar Obstructiva Crónica/fisiopatología , Calidad de Vida , Cese del Hábito de Fumar/métodos , Broncodilatadores/administración & dosificación , Enfermedad Pulmonar Obstructiva Crónica/tratamiento farmacológico , Análisis de Regresión , Índice de Severidad de la Enfermedad , Fumar/efectos adversos , Encuestas y CuestionariosRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To analyse the impact in COPD patients' quality of life who stop smoking. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We studied a group of COPD patients who received smoking cessation treatment. All patients were treated with bronchodilators according to the severity of their disorder. This treatment was not changed during the process of smoking cessation. Patients received a smoking cessation programme that consisted of a combination of pharmacological treatment plus cognitive-behavioural treatment. All subjects fill in CAT questionnaire before starting smoking cessation programme and after 6 months of abstinence. All subjects included had stop smoking. RESULTS: The study included 59 patients, with 27 (45.8%) males, and a mean age of 61.8 (7.5) years. Mean CAT score before quitting was 18.9 (7.3) points, and after 6 months of abstinence was 8.1 (6.1) points, P=.038. Multiple regression analysis showed: a) the higher the baseline CAT score the greater is the difference after quitting, at 6 months, at same age, gender, and grade of severity of COPD, and b) the older the age, the lower is the difference between baseline CAT score and the 6 months CAT score. CONCLUSIONS: Smoking cessation is associated with improvement in the quality of life in COPD patients. Those with worse quality of life get the biggest benefit from quitting, although this difference can be diminished in ageing patients.
Asunto(s)
Terapia Cognitivo-Conductual/métodos , Enfermedad Pulmonar Obstructiva Crónica/fisiopatología , Calidad de Vida , Cese del Hábito de Fumar/métodos , Adulto , Anciano , Broncodilatadores/administración & dosificación , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Enfermedad Pulmonar Obstructiva Crónica/tratamiento farmacológico , Análisis de Regresión , Índice de Severidad de la Enfermedad , Fumar/efectos adversos , Encuestas y CuestionariosRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To analyse the effectiveness and safety of two smoking cessation medications (varenicline and nicotine patches) in patients with controlled psychiatric disorders in daily practice in a Smoking Cessation Service. METHODS: This is a retrospective cohort study. It was carried on at a smoking cessation clinic in Madrid and used a convenience sampling strategy. We reviewed medical records of patients diagnosed with psychiatric disorders who attended a Smoking Cessation Service. All patients received similar treatment programme: a combination of pharmacological treatment (varenicline or nicotine replacement therapy) and intensive cognitive-behavioural therapy. RESULTS: The group included 349 patients (38.4% men). Mean age (SD) 49.6 (10.5) years. 28.3 (12.8) cigarettes per day. 156 subjects achieved 9-24 weeks continuous abstinence (44.7%), in 39% of those who used nicotine patches and in 53.7% of those who used varenicline. OR: 1.64 (95% CI: 1.03-2.61; p=0.036). Success rates were higher in men; OR 1.85 (95% CI: 1.12-3.04; p=0.016). High levels of CO and high daily cigarette use were associated with poorer success rates (OR: 0.98, 95% CI: 0.96-0.99, p=0.007; and OR: 0.98, 95% CI: 0.96-1.00, p=0.045), respectively. Nausea and pruritus were the most common adverse events. No cases of suicidal ideation or behaviour were found. CONCLUSIONS: Varenicline and nicotine patches could be safe and effective smoking cessation treatments for patients with psychiatric disorders in daily clinical practice.
RESUMEN
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